Timeline: Abby Adams Eliot: Our Family History

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1847 - 1864 (16 years)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1845	4 Mar 1845—4 Mar 1849: James K. Polk U.S. Presidency
2	1846	25 Apr 1846—2 Feb 1848: Mexican-American War
3	1847	1847—1847: US Mormons make Salt Lake City their centre Jan 1847—Jan 1847: An anesthetic used for the first time in England (James Simpson used ether to numb the pain of labour)
4	1848	1848—1848: First commercial production of chewing gum 24 Jan 1848—24 Jan 1848: Gold found at Sutter's Mill, California - starts the California gold rush 11 Jul 1848—11 Jul 1848: Waterloo railway station in London opens
5	1849	1849—1849: Florin (2 shilling coin) introduced as the first step to decimalisation - which finally occurred in 1971! 4 Mar 1849—9 Jul 1850: Zachary Taylor U.S. Presidency
6	1850	9 Jul 1850—4 Mar 1853: Millard Fillmore U.S. Presidency
7	1851	1851—1851: Gold discovered in Australia 1 May 1851—1 May 1851: Great exhibition of the works of industry of all nations ('Crystal Palace' exhibition) opened in Hyde Park
8	1852	1852—1852: Tasmania ceases to be a convict settlement 1852—1852: Wells Fargo established in USA
9	1853	1853—1853: Vaccination against smallpox made compulsory in Britain 4 Mar 1853—4 Mar 1857: Franklin Pierce U.S. Presidency
10	1854	1854—1854: Cigarettes introduced into Britain 27 Mar 1854—27 Mar 1854: Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War) 25 Oct 1854—25 Oct 1854: Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
11	1856	1856—1856: End of Crimean War 29 Jan 1856—29 Jan 1856: Victoria Cross created by Royal Warrant, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts during the Crimean War (first award ceremony 26 June 1857)
12	1857	1857—1857: Work starts on the laying of the Transatlantic cable 4 Mar 1857—4 Mar 1861: James Buchanan U.S. Presidency
13	1858	1858—1858: 'The great stink' - smell of the River Thames forced Parliament to stop work 1858—1858: Royal Opera House opens in Covent Garden, London
14	1859	1859—1859: Peaceful picketing legalised in Britain 25 Apr 1859—25 Apr 1859: Work started on building the Suez canal (opened 17 Nov 1869) 4 May 1859—4 May 1859: Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opened at Saltash giving rail link between Devon and Cornwall 24 Nov 1859—24 Nov 1859: Charles Darwin publishes 'The Origin of Species'
15	1860	29 Aug 1860—29 Aug 1860: First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
16	1861	4 Mar 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln U.S. Presidency 12 Apr 1861—9 May 1865: American Civil War 25 May 1861—25 May 1861: American Civil War begins
17	1862	1862—1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks) 20 Apr 1862—20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
18	1863	1863—1863: Football Association founded (UK) 1863—1863: Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England 10 Jan 1863—10 Jan 1863: First section of the London Underground Railway opens
19	1864	1864—1864: A man-powered submarine, 'Hunley' sank a Federal steam ship USS Housatonic at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 - the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship 11 Mar 1864—11 Mar 1864: The Great Sheffield Flood - over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time 20 Aug 1864—20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention 8 Dec 1864—8 Dec 1864: Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened