1801 - 1877 (76 years) Submit Photo / Document
Has 28 ancestors and more than 100 descendants in this family tree.
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Name |
Brigham Young |
Birth |
1 Jun 1801 |
Whitingham, Windham, Vermont, United States |
Gender |
Male |
Initiatory (LDS) |
4 May 1842 |
OTHER |
FamilySearch ID |
KWJH-9QN |
Death |
29 Aug 1877 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Burial |
Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Person ID |
I86590 |
mytree |
Last Modified |
25 Feb 2024 |
Father |
John Hayden Young, b. 6 Mar 1763, Hopkinton, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States bur. 14 Oct 1839, Madison Park, Quincy, Adams, Illinois, United States (Age ~ 76 years) |
Mother |
Abigail "Nabby" Howe, b. 3 May 1766, Hopkinton, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States d. 11 Jun 1815, Genoa, Cayuga, New York, United States (Age 49 years) |
Marriage |
31 Oct 1785 |
Hopkinton, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States |
Family ID |
F29396 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Family 1 |
Miriam Angeline Works, b. 7 Jun 1806, Aurelius, Cayuga, New York, United States d. 8 Sep 1832 (Age 26 years) |
Marriage |
8 Oct 1824 |
Aurelius, Cayuga, New York, United States |
Children |
| 1. Elizabeth Young, b. 26 Sep 1825, Port Byron, Cayuga, New York, United States |
| 2. Vilate Young, b. 1 Jun 1830, Mendon, Monroe, New York, United States |
|
Family ID |
F29343 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 2 |
Mary Ann Angell, b. 8 Jun 1808, Seneca, Ontario, New York, United States d. 27 Jun 1882, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 74 years) |
Marriage |
18 Feb 1834 |
Kirtland, Lake, Ohio, United States |
Children |
| 1. Joseph Angell Young, b. 14 Oct 1834, Kirtland, Lake, Ohio, United States d. 5 Aug 1875, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 40 years) |
| 2. Mary Ann Young, b. 18 Dec 1836, Kirtland, Lake, Ohio, United States d. 27 Aug 1843, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States (Age 6 years) |
+ | 3. Brigham Young, Jr, b. 18 Dec 1836, Kirtland, Lake, Ohio, United States d. 11 Apr 1903, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 66 years) |
| 4. Alice Young, b. 4 Sep 1839, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
| 5. Luna Caroline Young, b. 20 Aug 1842, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
| 6. John Willard Young, b. 1 Oct 1844, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 12 Feb 1924, New York City, New York, New York, United States (Age 79 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29344 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 3 |
Lucy Ann Decker, b. 17 May 1822, Phelps, Ontario, New York, United States d. 1890 (Age 67 years) |
Marriage |
14 Jun 1842 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Brigham Heber Young, b. 19 Jun 1845, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 3 Jun 1928, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 82 years) |
| 2. Fanny Caroline Decker Young, b. 26 Jan 1849, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 3. Ernest Irving Young, b. 30 Apr 1851, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 4. Semira Young, b. 21 Jan 1853, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 24 Aug 1915, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 62 years) |
| 5. Arta D'Christa Young, b. 16 Apr 1855, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 7 Apr 1916 (Age 60 years) |
| 6. Feramorz Little Young, b. 16 Sep 1858, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 27 Sep 1881, At Sea off coast of Havana, República de Cuba (Age 23 years) |
| 7. Clarissa Hamilton Young, b. 23 Jul 1860, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
|
Family ID |
F29345 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 4 |
Augusta Adams, b. 7 Dec 1802, Lynn, Essex, Massachusetts, United States d. 3 Feb 1886, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 83 years) |
Marriage |
2 Nov 1843 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29346 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 5 |
Harriet Elizabeth Cook, b. 7 Nov 1824, Oneida, New York, United States d. 5 Nov 1898 (Age 73 years) |
Marriage |
2 Nov 1843 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Oscar Brigham Young, b. 10 Feb 1846, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 4 Aug 1910, Provo, Utah, Utah, United States (Age 64 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29347 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 6 |
Clarissa Caroline Decker, b. 22 Jul 1828, Freedom, Cattaraugus, New York, United States d. 1889 (Age 60 years) |
Marriage |
8 May 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Jeannette Young Easton, b. 14 Dec 1849, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 8 Mar 1930, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 80 years) |
+ | 2. Nabbie Howe Young, b. 22 Mar 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 3. Jedediah Grant Young, b. 21 Jan 1855, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 11 Jan 1856 (Age 0 years) |
| 4. Albert Jeddie Young, b. 4 Jan 1858, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 5. Charlotte Talula Young, b. 4 Mar 1861, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
|
Family ID |
F29348 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 7 |
Emily Dow Partridge, b. 28 Feb 1824, Painesville, Lake, Ohio, United States d. 9 Dec 1899, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 75 years) |
Marriage |
Sep 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Edward Partridge Young, b. 30 Oct 1845, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 26 Nov 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 7 years) |
+ | 2. Emily Augusta Young, b. 1 Mar 1849, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 19 Mar 1926, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 77 years) |
| 3. Caroline Partridge Young, b. 1 Feb 1851, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 2 Jul 1903, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 52 years) |
| 4. Joseph Don Carlos Young, b. 6 May 1855, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 19 Oct 1938, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 83 years) |
| 5. Miriam Young, b. 13 Oct 1857, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 14 Oct 1919, Granite, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 62 years) |
| 6. Daughter Young, b. 21 Feb 1860, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 9 May 1912 (Age 52 years) |
| 7. Lura Young, b. 2 Apr 1862, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 4 Nov 1862, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 0 years) |
|
Family ID |
F18903 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 8 |
Clarissa Ross, b. 16 Jun 1814, Northville, Fulton, New York, United States d. 17 Oct 1858, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 44 years) |
Marriage |
10 Sep 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Mary Eliza Young, b. 8 Jun 1847, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States d. 5 Sep 1871 (Age 24 years) |
+ | 2. Clarissa Maria Young, b. 10 Dec 1849, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 30 Apr 1935, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 85 years) |
| 3. Willard Young, b. 30 Apr 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 25 Jul 1936, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 84 years) |
| 4. Phoebe Louisa Young, b. 1 Aug 1854, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 22 Aug 1931 (Age 77 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29349 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 9 |
Louisa Beaman, b. 7 Feb 1815, Livonia, Livingston, New York, United States d. 15 May 1850, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 35 years) |
Marriage |
19 Sep 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Moroni Young, b. 8 Jan 1847, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 10 Aug 1847, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States (Age 0 years) |
| 2. Alva Beaman Young, b. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States d. 1850, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 2 years) |
| 3. Hyrum Young, b. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States d. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States (Age 0 years) |
| 4. Joseph Young, b. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States d. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States (Age 0 years) |
| 5. Alma Burtts Young, b. 1848, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States d. 1850, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 2 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29350 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 10 |
Eliza Roxey Snow, b. 21 Jan 1804, Becket, Berkshire, Massachusetts, United States d. 5 Dec 1887, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 83 years) |
Marriage |
3 Oct 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29351 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 11 |
Elizabeth FairChild, b. 28 Mar 1828, Marion, Ohio, United States d. 26 Jun 1910, Grantsville, Tooele, Utah, United States (Age 82 years) |
Marriage |
3 Oct 1844 |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
1855 |
Family ID |
F29352 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 13 |
Rebecca Greenleaf Holman, b. 20 Feb 1824, Byron, Genesee, New York, United States d. 11 Jul 1849, Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States (Age 25 years) |
Marriage |
9 Oct 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29354 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 14 |
Diana Severance Chase, b. 25 Jul 1827, Bristol, Addison, Vermont, United States d. 6 Sep 1886, Ogden, Weber, Utah, United States (Age 59 years) |
Marriage |
10 Oct 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Family ID |
F29355 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 15 |
Susanne Snively, b. 30 Oct 1815, Woodstock, Shenandoah, Virginia, United States d. 20 Nov 1892, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 77 years) |
Marriage |
31 Oct 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Julia Young, b. 3 Jun 1853, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 1889 (Age 35 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29356 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 16 |
Olive Grey Frost, b. 24 Jul 1816, Bethel, Oxford, Maine, United States d. 8 Oct 1845, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States (Age 29 years) |
Marriage |
7 Nov 1844 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29357 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 17 |
Mary Ann Clark, b. 28 Dec 1816, Deering, Hillsborough, New Hampshire, United States d. 22 Mar 1881, Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie, Iowa, United States (Age 64 years) |
Marriage |
15 Jan 1845 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
Jun 1851 |
Family ID |
F29358 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 18 |
Margaret Pierce, b. 19 Apr 1823, Thornbury Township, Delaware, Pennsylvania, United States d. 16 Jan 1907 (Age 83 years) |
Marriage |
16 Jan 1845 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Brigham Morris Young, b. 18 Jan 1855, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 20 Feb 1931, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 76 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29359 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 19 |
Mary Harvey Pierce, b. 29 Nov 1821, Thornbury Township, Delaware, Pennsylvania, United States d. 16 Mar 1847, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States (Age 25 years) |
Marriage |
16 Jan 1845 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29360 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 20 |
Emmeline Free, b. 28 Apr 1826, Belleville, St. Clair, Illinois, United States d. 17 Aug 1875, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 49 years) |
Marriage |
30 Apr 1845 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Ella Elizabeth Young, b. 31 Aug 1847, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States |
| 2. Marinda Hyde Young, b. 30 Jul 1849, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States bur. 17 Aug 1883, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age ~ 34 years) |
| 3. Hyrum Smith Young, b. 2 Jan 1851, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 28 Feb 1925 (Age 74 years) |
| 4. Emeline Amanda Young, b. 11 Feb 1853, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 5. Louisa Wells Young, b. 30 Oct 1855, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 6. Lorenzo Dow Young, b. 22 Sep 1856, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 18 May 1905 (Age 48 years) |
| 7. Alonzo Young, b. 20 Dec 1858, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States bur. 2 Apr 1918, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age ~ 59 years) |
| 8. Ruth Young, b. 4 Mar 1861, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States bur. 10 Nov 1944, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age ~ 83 years) |
| 9. Daniel Wells Young, b. 9 Feb 1863, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 9 Feb 1863 (Age 0 years) |
| 10. Ardelle Elwin Young, b. 26 Oct 1864, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States bur. 2 Sep 1900, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age ~ 35 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29361 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 21 |
Mary Elizabeth Rollins, b. 9 Apr 1818, Lima, Livingston, New York, United States d. 17 Dec 1913, Minersville, Beaver, Utah, United States (Age 95 years) |
Marriage |
22 May 1845 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29362 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 22 |
Margaret Alley, b. 19 Dec 1825, Lynn, Essex, Massachusetts, United States d. 5 Nov 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 26 years) |
Marriage |
14 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Evelyn Louise Young, b. 30 Jul 1850, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 30 Jan 1917, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 66 years) |
| 2. Mohonri Moriancumer Young, b. 1 Nov 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 20 Apr 1884, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 31 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29363 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 23 |
Olive Andrews, b. 24 Sep 1818, Livermore, Androscoggin, Maine, United States d. Nov 1879, Ashtabula, Ashtabula, Ohio, United States (Age 61 years) |
Marriage |
15 Jan 1846 |
Family ID |
F29364 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 24 |
Emily Haws, b. 22 Jun 1823, Yonge, Leeds, Ontario, Canada |
Marriage |
15 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29365 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 25 |
Martha Bowker, b. 24 Jan 1822, Mount Holly, Burlington, New Jersey, United States d. 1890 (Age 67 years) |
Marriage |
21 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Ida Ames Young, b. 30 Dec 1859, Kaysville, Davis, Utah, United States |
|
Family ID |
F29366 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 26 |
Ellen Rockwood, b. 23 Mar 1829, Holliston, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States d. 6 Jan 1866 (Age 36 years) |
Marriage |
21 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29367 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 27 |
Jemima Angell, b. 21 Apr 1809, Providence, Providence, Rhode Island, United States d. 1869 (Age 59 years) |
Marriage |
28 Jan 1846 |
Family ID |
F29368 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 28 |
Phoebe Ann Morton, b. 28 Mar 1786, Utica, Oneida, New York, United States d. 14 Nov 1854, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 68 years) |
Marriage |
28 Jan 1846 |
Family ID |
F29369 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 29 |
Abigail Jerusha Marks, b. 6 Nov 1781, Wilmington, Windham, Vermont, United States d. 14 Jul 1846, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States (Age 64 years) |
Marriage |
28 Jan 1846 |
Family ID |
F29370 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 30 |
Cynthia Porter, b. 2 Feb 1783, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 1861 (Age 77 years) |
Marriage |
28 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29371 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 31 |
Mary Eliza Nelson, b. 24 Nov 1805, Poughkeepsie, Dutchess, New York, United States d. 1885 (Age 79 years) |
Marriage |
31 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29372 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 32 |
Rhoda Richards, b. 8 Aug 1784, Framingham, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States d. 17 Jan 1879, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 94 years) |
Marriage |
31 Jan 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29373 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 33 |
Zina Diantha Huntington, b. 31 Jan 1821, Watertown, Jefferson, New York, United States d. 28 Aug 1901, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 80 years) |
Marriage |
2 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Children |
| 1. Zina Presendia Young, b. 3 Apr 1850, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States bur. 3 Feb 1931, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age ~ 80 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29374 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 34 |
Amy Cecilia Cooper, b. 30 Jun 1804, Uxbridge, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States d. 13 Jul 1852, On the plains enroute to Utah, Wyoming, United States (Age 48 years) |
Marriage |
3 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29375 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 35 |
Mary Ellen de la Montaigne, b. 2 May 1805, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States d. 3 Aug 1894, San Bernardino, San Bernardino, California, United States (Age 89 years) |
Marriage |
3 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
13 Dec 1846 |
Family ID |
F29376 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 36 |
Julia Foster, b. 18 Nov 1811, Vienna, Kennebec, Maine, United States d. 17 Jan 1891, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 79 years) |
Marriage |
3 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29377 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 37 |
Abigail Harback, b. 20 Sep 1790, Sutton, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States d. 25 Mar 1849, Sutton, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States (Age 58 years) |
Marriage |
3 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29378 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 38 |
Mary Ann Turley, b. 13 Jul 1827, Toronto, York, Ontario, Canada d. 24 Dec 1904, Santa Paula, Ventura, California, United States (Age 77 years) |
Marriage |
3 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
Jan 1851 |
Family ID |
F29379 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 39 |
Naamah Kendel Jenkins Carter, b. 20 Mar 1821, Wilmington, Middlesex, Massachusetts, United States d. 5 Aug 1909, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 88 years) |
Marriage |
6 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29380 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 40 |
Nancy Crissy, b. 20 Jan 1780, New Brunswick, Middlesex, New Jersey, United States d. 17 Dec 1871, Minersville, Beaver, Utah, United States (Age 91 years) |
Marriage |
6 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29381 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 41 |
Jane Terry, b. 21 May 1819, Niagara, Ontario, Canada d. 15 Feb 1847, Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States (Age 27 years) |
Marriage |
10 Feb 1846 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Family ID |
F29382 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 42 |
Lucy Bigelow, b. 3 Oct 1830, Charleston, Coles, Illinois, United States d. 3 Feb 1905, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 74 years) |
Marriage |
20 Mar 1847 |
Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States |
Children |
| 1. Eudora Lovina Young, b. 12 May 1852, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
| 2. Susan Amelia "Susa" Young, b. 18 Mar 1856, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 27 May 1933, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 77 years) |
| 3. Rhoda Mabel Young, b. 22 Feb 1863, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 20 Sep 1950, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 87 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29383 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 43 |
Mary Jane Bigelow, b. 15 Oct 1827, Lawrenceville, Lawrence, Illinois, United States d. 26 Sep 1868, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 40 years) |
Marriage |
20 Mar 1847 |
Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
1851 |
Family ID |
F29384 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 44 |
Sarah Malin, b. 10 Jan 1804, West Nantmeal Township, Chester, Pennsylvania, United States d. 20 Mar 1858, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 54 years) |
Marriage |
18 Apr 1848 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Family ID |
F29385 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 45 |
Eliza Burgess, b. 8 Dec 1827, Stockport, Cheshire, England d. 21 Aug 1915, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 87 years) |
Marriage |
3 Oct 1852 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Children |
| 1. Afales Young, b. 3 Oct 1853, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 30 Mar 1920 (Age 66 years) |
|
Family ID |
F29386 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 46 |
Mary Oldfield, b. 28 Jun 1791, Minisink, Orange, New York, United States d. 24 Sep 1875, Tooele, Tooele, Utah, United States (Age 84 years) |
Marriage |
16 Dec 1852 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Family ID |
F29387 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 47 |
Eliza Babcock, b. 8 Oct 1828, Mina, Chautauqua, New York, United States d. 12 Jul 1868, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 39 years) |
Marriage |
Bef Sep 1853 |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
4 Sep 1853 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Family ID |
F29388 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 48 |
Catherine Reese, b. 27 Jan 1804, New York City, New York, New York, United States d. 7 Nov 1860, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 56 years) |
Marriage |
10 Jun 1855 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Family ID |
F29389 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 49 |
Harriet Emeline Barney, b. 13 Oct 1830, Amherst, Lorain, Ohio, United States d. 14 Feb 1911, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 80 years) |
Marriage |
14 Mar 1856 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Children |
+ | 1. Phineas Howe Young, b. 15 Feb 1862, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 15 Feb 1903, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 41 years) |
| 2. Daughter Young, b. 1865, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. Abt 1866 (Age 1 year) |
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Family ID |
F26903 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 50 |
Harriet Amelia "Amelia" Folsom, b. 23 Aug 1838, Buffalo, Erie, New York, United States d. 11 Dec 1910, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 72 years) |
Marriage |
24 Jun 1863 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Family ID |
F29390 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 51 |
Mary Van Cott, b. 2 Feb 1844, Elmira, Chemung, New York, United States d. 5 Jan 1884, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 39 years) |
Marriage |
8 Jun 1868 |
Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
Children |
| 1. Fanny Van Cott Young, b. 14 Jan 1870, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States d. 31 Jan 1950 (Age 80 years) |
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Family ID |
F29391 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 52 |
Ann Eliza Webb, b. 13 Sep 1844, Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States d. 7 Dec 1917, Sparks, Washoe, Nevada, United States (Age 73 years) |
Marriage |
7 Apr 1868 |
Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
Divorce |
Yes, date unknown |
Divorced |
1875 |
Family ID |
F29392 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 53 |
Elizabeth Jones, b. 2 Apr 1812, Pembrokeshire, Wales d. 6 May 1895, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 83 years) |
Marriage |
3 Jul 1869 |
Family ID |
F29393 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 54 |
Lydia Farnsworth, b. 5 Feb 1808, Dorset, Bennington, Vermont, United States d. 5 Feb 1897, Pleasant Grove, Utah, Utah, United States (Age 89 years) |
Marriage |
8 May 1870 |
Family ID |
F29394 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
Family 55 |
Hannah Tapfield, b. 16 Mar 1807, Sawston, Cambridgeshire, England d. 25 Sep 1886, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States (Age 79 years) |
Marriage |
8 Dec 1872 |
Family ID |
F29395 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
Last Modified |
21 Nov 2024 |
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Event Map |
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| Birth - 1 Jun 1801 - Whitingham, Windham, Vermont, United States |
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| Marriage - 8 Oct 1824 - Aurelius, Cayuga, New York, United States |
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| Marriage - 18 Feb 1834 - Kirtland, Lake, Ohio, United States |
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| Initiatory (LDS) - 4 May 1842 - OTHER |
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| Marriage - 14 Jun 1842 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 2 Nov 1843 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 2 Nov 1843 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 8 May 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - Sep 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 10 Sep 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 19 Sep 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Oct 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 9 Oct 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 10 Oct 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 31 Oct 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 7 Nov 1844 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 15 Jan 1845 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 16 Jan 1845 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 16 Jan 1845 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 30 Apr 1845 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 22 May 1845 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 14 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 15 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 21 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 21 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 28 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 31 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 31 Jan 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 2 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 6 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 6 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 10 Feb 1846 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 20 Mar 1847 - Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States |
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| Marriage - 20 Mar 1847 - Winter Quarters, Douglas, Nebraska, United States |
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| Marriage - 18 Apr 1848 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 3 Oct 1852 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Marriage - 16 Dec 1852 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Divorced - 4 Sep 1853 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Marriage - 10 Jun 1855 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Marriage - 14 Mar 1856 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Marriage - 24 Jun 1863 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Marriage - 7 Apr 1868 - Nauvoo, Hancock, Illinois, United States |
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| Marriage - 8 Jun 1868 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Death - 29 Aug 1877 - Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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| Burial - - Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake, Utah, United States |
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Notes |
- 2nd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
He was an American religious leader and politician. He was the second pr e sident of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church ) fr om 1847 until his death in 1877. During his time as church president , You ng led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, west from Nauvoo, Illino is t o the Salt Lake Valley. He founded Salt Lake City and served as th e firs t governor of the Utah Territory. Young also worked to establish t he lear ning institutions which would later become the University of Uta h and Bri gham Young University. A polygamist, Young had at least 55 wive s and 56 c hildren. He instituted a ban prohibiting conferring the priest hood on me n of black African descent, and led the church in the Utah Wa r against th e United States.
Governor of Utah Territory
A beardless Brigham Young in 1853
The Utah Territory was created by Congress as part of the Compromise o f 1 850, and as colonizer and founder of Salt Lake City, Young was appoin te d the territory's first governor and superintendent of American India n af fairs by President Millard Fillmore on February 3, 1851. He was swor n i n by Justice Daniel H. Wells for a salary of $1,500 a year, and name d a s superintendent of Indian Affairs for an additional $1,000. During h is t ime as governor, Young directed the establishment of settlements thr ougho ut present-day Utah, Idaho, Arizona, Nevada, California and parts o f sout hern Colorado and northern Mexico. Under his direction, the Mormon s buil t roads and bridges, forts, irrigation projects; established publi c welfa re; organized a militia; issued a "selective extermination" orde r agains t male Timpanogos and after a series of wars eventually made pea ce with t he Native Americans. Young was also one of the first to subscri be to Unio n Pacific stock, for the construction of the First Transcontin ental Railr oad. He also authorized the construction of the Utah Centra l railroad lin e, which connected Salt Lake City to the Union Pacific tra nscontinental r ailroad. Young organized the first Utah Territorial Legis lature and estab lished Fillmore as the territory's first capital.
Young established a gold mint in 1849 and called for the minting of coi n s using gold dust which had been accumulated from travelers during th e Go ld Rush. The mint was closed in 1861 by Alfred Cumming, gubernatoria l suc cessor to Young. Young also organized a board of regents to establi sh a u niversity in the Salt Lake Valley. It was established on Februar y 28, 185 0, as the University of Deseret; its name was eventually change d to the U niversity of Utah. In 1849, Young arranged for a printing pres s to be bro ught to the Salt Lake Valley, and established the Deseret New s periodical .
Brigham Young photographed by Charles Roscoe Savage, 1855
In 1851, Young and several federal officials—including territorial Secre t ary Broughton Harris—became unable to work cooperatively. Within month s , Harris and the others departed their Utah appointments without replac em ents being named, and their posts remained unfilled for the next two y ear s. These individuals later became known as the Runaway Officials of 1 851.
Young supported slavery and its expansion into Utah, and led the effor t s to legalize and regulate slavery in the 1852 Act in Relation to Servi ce , based on his beliefs on slavery. Young said in an 1852 speech, "In a s m uch as we believe in the Bible... we must believe in slavery. This co lore d race have been subjected to severe curses... which they have broug ht up on themselves." Seven years later in 1859, Young stated in an inter view w ith the New York Tribune that he considered slavery a "divine inst itution ... not to be abolished".
In 1856, Young organized an efficient mail service. In 1858, following t h e events of the Utah War, he stepped down to his gubernatorial successo r , Alfred Cumming.
LDS Church president
Young is the longest-serving president of The Church of Jesus Christ o f L atter-day Saints to date, having served for 29 years.
Educational endeavors
During time as prophet and governor, Young encouraged each bishop to est a blish a grade school for his congregation, which would be supported b y vo lunteer work and tithing payments. Young viewed education as a proce ss o f learning how to make the Kingdom of God a reality on earth, and a t th e core of his "philosophy of education" was the belief that the chur ch ha d within itself all that was necessary to save mankind materially , spirit ually, and intellectually.
On October 16, 1875, Young deeded buildings and land in Provo, Uta h t o a board of trustees for establishing an institution of learning, os tens ibly as part of the University of Deseret. Young said, "I hope to se e a n Academy established in Provo... at which the children of the Latter -da y Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious ath eist ic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of th e coun try." The school broke off from the University of Deseret and beca me Brig ham Young Academy in 1876 under the leadership of Karl G. Maeser , and wa s the precursor to Brigham Young University.
Within the church, Young reorganized the Relief Society for women in 186 7 , and created organizations for young women in 1869 and young men in 18 75 . The Young Women organization was first called the Retrenchment Assoc iat ion, and was intended to promote the turning of young girls away fro m th e costly and extravagant ways of the world. It later became known a s th e Young Ladies Mutual Improvement Association, and was a charter mem ber o f the National Council of Women and International Council of Women.
Young also organized a committee to refine the Deseret alphabet—a phonet i c alphabet which had been developed sometime between 1847 and 1854. Dur in g its heyday, the alphabet was used in two Deseret News articles, tw o ele mentary readers, and in a translation of the Book of Mormon. By 187 0, i t had all but disappeared from use.
Temple building
Young was involved in temple building throughout his membership in the L D S Church, making it a priority during his time as church president. Und e r Smith's leadership, Young participated in the building of the Kirtla n d and Nauvoo temples. Just four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Va ll ey, Young designated the location for the Salt Lake Temple; he preside d o ver its groundbreaking years later on April 6, 1853. During his tenur e, Y oung oversaw construction of the Salt Lake Tabernacle and announce d plan s to build the St. George (1871), Manti (1875), and Logan (1877) t emples . He also provisioned the building of the Endowment House, a "temp orary t emple" which began to be used in 1855 to provide temple ordinance s to chu rch members while the Salt Lake Temple was under construction.
Teachings
The majority of Young's teachings are contained in the 19 volumes of tra n scribed and edited sermons in the Journal of Discourses. The LDS Church ' s Doctrine and Covenants contains one section from Young that has bee n ca nonized as scripture, added in 1876.
Polygamy
Though polygamy was practiced by Young's predecessor Joseph Smith Jr., t h e practice is often associated with Young. Some Latter Day Saint denomi na tions, such as the Community of Christ, consider Young the "Father o f Mor mon Polygamy". In 1853, Young made the church's first official stat emen t on the subject since the church had arrived in Utah. Young acknowl edge d that the doctrine was challenging for many women, but stated its n ecess ity for creating large families, proclaiming: "But the first wife w ill sa y, 'It is hard, for I have lived with my husband twenty years, o r thirty , and have raised a family of children for him, and it is a grea t trial t o me for him to have more women;' then I say it is time that yo u gave hi m up to other women who will bear children."
Adam-God doctrine and blood atonement
One of the more controversial teachings of Young during the Mormon Refor m ation was the Adam–God doctrine. According to Young, he was taught by S mi th that Adam is "our Father and our God, and the only God with whom w e ha ve to do". According to the doctrine, Adam was once a mortal man wh o beca me resurrected and exalted. From another planet, Adam brought Eve , one o f his wives, with him to the earth, where they became mortal by e ating th e fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. After bearin g mortal c hildren and establishing the human race, Adam and Eve returne d to their h eavenly thrones where Adam acts as the god of this world. La ter, as Youn g is generally understood to have taught, Adam returned to t he earth to b ecome the biological father of Jesus. The LDS Church has si nce repudiate d the Adam–God doctrine.
Young also taught the doctrine of blood atonement, in which the atoneme n t of Jesus cannot redeem an eternal sin, which included apostasy, thef t , fornication (but not sodomy), or adultery. Instead, those who committ e d such sins could partially atone for their sin by sacrificing their li f e in a way that sheds blood. The LDS Church has formally repudiated th e d octrine as early as 1889, and multiple times since the days of Young.
Priesthood ban for black men
Young is generally considered to have instituted a church ban against co n ferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, who had been tr ea ted equally to white men in this respect under Smith's presidency. Aft e r settling in Utah in 1848, Young announced the ban, which also forbad e b lacks from participating in Mormon temple rites such as the endowmen t o r sealings. On many occasions, Young taught that blacks were denied t he p riesthood because they were "the seed of Cain." In 1863, Young state d: "S hall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race? If th e whit e man who belongs to the chosen seed mixes his blood with the see d of Cai n, the penalty, under the law of God, is death on the spot. Thi s will alw ays be so." Young was also a vocal opponent of theories of hum an polygene sis, being a firm voice for stating that all humans were th e product of o ne creation.
Throughout his time as prophet, Young went to great lengths to deny th e a ssumption that he was the author of the practice of priesthood denia l t o black men, asserting instead that the Lord was. According to Young , th e matter was beyond his personal control, and was divinely determine d rat her than historically or personally as many assumed. Young taught t hat th e day would come when black men would again have the priesthood, s aying t hat after "all the other children of Adam have the privilege of r eceivin g the Priesthood, and of coming into the kingdom of God, and of b eing red eemed from the four-quarters of the earth, and have received the ir resurr ection from the dead, then it will be time enough to remove th e curse fro m Cain and his posterity."
These racial restrictions remained in place until 1978, when the polic y w as rescinded by President Spencer W. Kimball, and the church subseque ntl y "disavow[ed] theories advanced in the past" to explain this ban, th ereb y "plac[ing] the origins of black priesthood denial blame squarely o n Bri gham Young."
Mormon Reformation
Main article: Mormon Reformation
During 1856 and 1857, a period of renewed emphasis on spirituality with i n the church known as the Mormon Reformation took place under Young's d ir ection. The Mormon Reformation called for a spiritual reawakening amon g m embers of the church, and took place largely in the Utah Territory. J eded iah M. Grant, one of the key figures of the Reformation and one of Y oung' s counselors, traveled throughout the Territory preaching to Latter -day S aint communities and settlements with the goal of inspiring them t o rejec t sin and turn towards spiritual things. As part of the Reformati on, almo st all "active" or involved LDS Church members were rebaptized a s a symbo l of their commitment. At a church meeting on September 21, 185 6, Brigha m Young stated: “We need a reformation in the midst of this peo ple; we ne ed a thorough reform.” Large gatherings and meetings during th is period w ere conducted by Young and Grant, and Young played a key rol e in the circ ulation of the Mormon Reformation with his emphasis on plur al marriage, r ebaptism, and passionate preaching and oration. It was dur ing this perio d that the controversial doctrine of blood atonement was o ccasionally pre ached by Young, though it was repudiated in 1889 and neve r practiced by m embers of the church. The Reformation appeared to have e nded completely b y early 1858.
Conflicts
Shortly after the arrival of Young's pioneers, the new Latter-day Sain t c olonies were incorporated into the United States through the Mexica n Cess ion. Young petitioned the U.S. Congress to create the State of Des eret. T he Compromise of 1850 instead carved out Utah Territory and Youn g was app ointed governor. As governor and church president, Young direct ed both re ligious and economic matters. He encouraged independence and s elf-suffici ency. Many cities and towns in Utah, and some in neighborin g states, wer e founded under Young's direction. Young's leadership styl e has been view ed as autocratic.
Utah War
When federal officials received reports of widespread and systematic obs t ruction of federal officials in Utah (most notably judges), U.S. Presid en t James Buchanan decided in early 1857 to install a non-Mormon governo r . Buchanan accepted the reports of the Runaway Officials without any fu rt her investigation, and the new non-sectarian governor was appointed an d s ent to the new territory accompanied by 2,500 soldiers.: 200 When Yo un g received word in July that federal troops were headed to Utah with h i s replacement, he called out his militia to ambush the federal force us in g delaying tactics. During the defense of Utah, now called the Utah Wa r , Young held the U.S. Army at bay for a winter by taking their cattle a n d burning supply wagons. Young eventually reached a settlement with th e a id of a peace commission and agreed to step down as governor. He late r re ceived a pardon from Buchanan.
Mountain Meadows massacre
Brigham Young (seated near the middle, wearing a tall beaver hat) an d a n exploring party camped at the Colorado River in 1870
The degree of Young's involvement in the Mountain Meadows massacre, whi c h took place in Washington County in 1857, is disputed. Leonard J. Arri ng ton reports that Young received a rider at his office on the day of th e m assacre, and that when he learned of the contemplated attack by membe rs o f the church in Parowan and Cedar City, he sent back a letter direct ing t hat the Fancher party be allowed to pass through the territory unmo lested . Young's letter reportedly arrived on September 13, 1857, two day s afte r the massacre. As governor, Young had promised the federal govern ment h e would protect immigrants passing through Utah Territory, but ove r 120 m en, women and children were killed in this incident. There is n o debate c oncerning the involvement of individual Mormons from the surro unding comm unities by scholars. Only children under the age of seven, wh o were care d for by local Mormon families, survived, and the murdered me mbers of th e wagon train were left unburied. The remains of about 40 peo ple were lat er found and buried, and Union Army officer James Henry Carl eton had a la rge cross made from local trees, the transverse beam bearin g the engravin g, "Vengeance Is Mine, Saith The Lord: I Will Repay" and e rected a cair n of rocks at the site. A large slab of granite was put u p on which he ha d the following words engraved: "Here 120 men, women an d children were ma ssacred in cold blood early in September, 1857. They w ere from Arkansas. " For two years, the monument stood as a memorial to t hose travelling th e Spanish Trail through Mountain Meadow. According t o Wilford Woodruff, i n 1861 Young brought an entourage to Mountain Meado ws and suggested tha t the monument read "Vengeance is mine and I have ta ken a little".
Death
Young is buried on the grounds of the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monumen t i n Salt Lake City.
Before his death in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1877, Young was sufferi n g from cholera morbus and inflammation of the bowels. It is believed th a t he died of peritonitis from a ruptured appendix. His last words wer e "J oseph! Joseph! Joseph!", invoking the name of the late Joseph Smit h Jr, f ounder of the Latter Day Saint movement. On September 2, 1877, Yo ung's fu neral was held in the Tabernacle with an estimated 12,000 to 15, 000 peopl e in attendance. He is buried on the grounds of the Mormon Pion eer Memori al Monument in the heart of Salt Lake City. A bronze marker wa s placed a t the grave site June 10, 1938, by members of the Young Men an d Young Wom en organizations, which he founded.
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